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2. Solving a Biological Problem eLearn.Punjab

Science is the systemized knowledge derived from observations and experiments.These experiments
are carried out to determine the principles about how nature operates. Scientists like chemists,
biologists and physicists use the same scientific method to make and test new theories.

In this chapter, we will study the steps of biological method. We will study malaria as an example
to understand the steps in detail.

2.1 Biological Method

Questions about living things have provided problems that man has investigated to aid his own
survival and to satisfy his desire to know. The scientific method in which biological problems are
solved, is termed as biological method. It comprises the steps a biologist adopts in order to solve a
biological problem.

Biological method has played an important Man has always been a biologist. He had to be a
part in scientific research for almost biologist in order to live. Early in history, he was a
500 years. From Galileo’s experiment hunter of animals and a gatherer of fruits, seeds,
(in the 1590s) to current research, the roots etc. The more he knew about animals and their
biological method has contributed to habitat, the more successful hunter he was. The more
the advancements in medicine, ecology, he knew about plants, the better he distinguished
technology etc. Biological method also between edible and non-edible plants.
ensures the quality of data for public use

2.1.1 Biological problem, hypothesis, deductions and experiments

In biology (like other sciences), new things are being discovered and long-held theories are being
modified or replaced with better ones as more data/knowledge is accumulated. This happens when
biologists recognize some biological problem and go for its solution. In solving a biological problem,
biologist takes following steps;
• Recognition of biological problem
• Observations
• Hypothesis formulation
• Deductions

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