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        <div id="content-top1">Page 15 - 10-Chem-10   Acid, Bases and Salts</div>
        <div id="content-top2">P. 15</div>
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    <pre style="white-space:pre-line"><code>10. Acid, Bases and Salts                                                      eLearn.Punjab

With reference to this equation, a scale develops according to the molar concentration of
H+ ions that is called pH scale. It ranges from 0 to 14. According to this scale, pH of water is
calculated as:	

Similarly

pH value normally varies from 0 to 14. Therefore:

So, the sum of the pH and pOH of the solution is always 14 at
25 Â°C. Such as;

A solution of a compound of pH 7 or pOH 7 is considered a neutral solution. Solutions of pH less

than 7 are acidic and more than 7 are basic as are also shown in figure 10.1.

                           [H3O+]       pH     [OH-]       pOH
                               1x10-14
                                        14.0  1x10-0   0.0
                           1x10-13      13.0  1x10-1   1.0
                                        12.0  1x10-2   2.0
More Basic                 1x10-12      11.0  1x10-3   3.0
                                        10.0  1x10-4   4.0
             BASIC         1x10-11      9.0   1x10-5   5.0
                           1x10-10      8.0   1x10-6   6.0
                                        7.0   1x10-7   7.0
                           1x10-9       6.0   1x10-8   8.0
                                        5.0   1x10-9   9.0
                           1x10-8       4.0   1x10-10  10.0
                                        3.0   1x10-11  11.0
             NATURAL 1x10-7             2.0   1x10-12  12.0
                                        1.0   1x10-13  13.0
More acidic                1x10-6       0.0   1x10-14  14.0

                           1x10-5

                           1x10-4

             ACIDIC        1x10-3
                           1x10-2

                           1x10-1

                           1x10-0

             Fig. 10.1 pH scale showing relation among [H+] and pH &
                 pOH sacle showing relation among [OH-] and pOH

                                        15</code></pre>
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