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6 CHEMICAL BONDING eLearn.Punjab

(ii) sp2- Hybridization

In sp2 hybridization, one ‘s’ and two ‘p’ atomic orbitals of an atom intermix three orbitals called
sp2 hybrid orbitals.

Bonding and Structure of Boron Trifluoride and Ethene

(a) Boron Trifluoride (BF3)

The three half filled sp2 hybrid orbitals are planar and are oriented at an angle of 120°,

Fig(6.14). The sp2 hybridization explains the geometry of planar molecules such as BF3. Electronic
configuration of 5B is,

   00
5B (ground state) = 1s 2 s 2 px 2 px 2 pz

   0
5B (excited state) = 1s 2s 2 px 2 py 2 pz

   

5B (hybridized state) = 1s sp2 sp2 sp2

In sp2 hybridization, one s and two p atomic orbitals of an atom intermix to form three orbital
called sp2 hybrid orbitals.

Fig (6.14) Three sp2 hybridized orbitals in one plane and at 120° to each other.

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