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    <pre style="white-space:pre-line"><code>9.SOLUTIONS      eLearn.Punjab

(vii) 	 All solutions containing 1g of non-volatile non-electrolyte solutes in some solvent will have
   the same freezing point.

(viii) 	The freezing point of a 0.05 molal solution of a non-volatile non-electrolyte in water is -0.93 0C.
(ix) 	 Hydration and hydrolysis are different process for Na2SO4.
(x) 	 The hydration energy of an ion only depends upon its charge.

Q4. 	 Define and explain the followings with one example in each case.
       (a) 	 A homogeneous phase 		 (f) 	 Zeotropic solutions
       (b) 	 A concentrated solution 		 (g) 	 Heat of hydration
       (c) 	 A solution of solid in a solid 	 (h) 	 Water of crystallization
       (d) 	 A consulate temperature 		 (i) 	 Azeotropic solution
       (e) 	 A non-ideal solution 			 (j) 	 Conjugate solution

Q5. 	 (a) 	 What are the concentration units of solutions. Compare molar and molal solutions
		 (b) 	 One has one molal solution of NaCl and one molal solution of glucose.

               (i) Which solution has greater number of particles of solute?
               (ii) Which solution has greater amount of the solvent?
               (iii) How do we convert these concentrations into weight by weight percentage?

Q6. 	 Explain the following with reasons
(i) 	The concentration in terms of molality is independent of temperature but molarity depends

   upon temperature.
(ii) The sum of mole fractions of all the components is always equal to unity for any solution.
iii) 100 g of 98 % H2SO4 has a volume of 54.34 cm3 of H2SO4 .(Density = 1.84 g cm-3)
iv) Relative lowering of vapour pressure is independent of the temperature.
v) 	Colligative properties are obeyed when the solute is non-electrolyte, and also when the solu-

   tions are dilute.
vi) The total volume of the solution by mixing 100 cm3 of water with 100 cmâ€™3of alcohol may not be

   equal to 200 cm3. Justify it.
vii) One molal solution of urea, in water is dilute as compared to one molar solution of urea, but

   the number of particles of the solute is same. Justify it.
viii) Non-ideal solutions do not obey the Raoultâ€™s law.

             60</code></pre>
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